Roast Stages
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Roast Stages

The roasting process is where the magical transformation of changing the chemical and physical properties of green coffee beans into the perfect cup of coffee takes place. This is by far the most important factor in determining a good tasting cup of coffee.

Introduction

By roasting the coffee, the natural sugars, fats and starches within the beans emulsify and caramelize releasing each beans unique aromas and characteristics.

The various temperature levels at which coffee beans are roasted determines which qualities will be brought out. It is this process that causes the expansion of the bean which will determine the color, taste, smell and density of the final product.

Lighter roasts are generally sharper and more acidic than darker roast. The darker the roast the fuller the flavor.  Every coffee is different, and often over-roasted which can ruin even the most delicate bean.

Light Roast

Light Roast

The bean is light brown and dries with no visible oils on the surface of the bean. The flavor is baked or bread-like, similar to toasted grain. Depending on the coffee, some sour tones may be present and the body of the coffee will be minimal.

Medium Roast

Medium Roast

The medium roast, commonly referred to as the American roast, is the most common roast used for cupping and professional coffee tasting. An official Medium or City roast is slightly darker than American and is an excellent choice for tasting the differences between most varietals.

Medium-Dark to Dark Roast

Medium-Dark to Dark Roast

Medium dark brown beans. Some oily drops will be present on the surface of the bean when roasted Full City. Full City roasted coffee will exhibit some chocolate or caramel undertones.

Dark/High Roast

Dark/High Roast

The beans at this level are very dark brown and are very popular for Espresso based drinks. French roasted beans are shiny with an oil coating on the surface. Some burned undertones will be present and acidity is lower.

Very Dark Roast

Very Dark Roast

Spanish is the darkest roast of all, the coffee beans are nearly black in color and the flavor tends to be flat with charcoal undertones. At this point, most of all of the sugar in the beans has been caramelized and toasted thoroughly.